ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Opportunities and challenges harnessing antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- CAR-T therapy for immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: a review of mechanisms and emerging clinical evidence.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- FOXP3 Stability-Adaptation Paradox: Reshaping Treg-Based Therapies for Intestinal Diseases.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn´s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) remain highly prevalent and are associated with a reduced quality of life in affected patients. The pathophysiology of IBD is multifactorial since genetic predisposition, altered immune function, changes in intestinal microbiota, environmental factors, and loss of intestinal barrier function together induce disease manifestation. A critical key factor is the dysregulation of the immune system which explains that all medical therapeutic approaches target the immune response. However, the success of these therapies is limited and associated with severe side effects which demonstrates the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Previous research demonstrated that CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are important regulators of intestinal homeostasis but are reduced in number and function relative to effector T cells in IBD. This led to the concept that genetically engineered, antigen-specific Tregs may represent a promising strategy to address immune dysregulation in IBD. Due to their antigen specificity, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) enable additional target-dependent activation and migration of Tregs at disease sites. While CARs are increasingly established for the generation of antigen-specificity for T cell therapies in cancer, the implementation of CARs for IBD is in a preliminary state. Nonetheless, CAR constructs specific to circulating carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), flagellin, or IL23R have been developed recently for potential application in IBD. Based on these novel developments, this review will discuss the role of Tregs in IBD disorders and present the current state of CAR Treg models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.