Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41234800›Full record

ArticleRoyal Society open science2025

Training human super-recognizers' detection and discrimination of AI-generated faces.

Katie L H Gray, Josh P Davis, Carl Bunce, Eilidh Noyes, Kay L Ritchie

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Royal Society open science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Training humans to detect AI-generated faces.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. AI-generated images of familiar faces are indistinguishable from real photographs.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katie L H GraySchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4588
Josh P DavisSchool of Human Sciences, Institute of Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0017-7159
Carl BunceSchool of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1110
Eilidh NoyesSchool of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Kay L RitchieSchool of Psychology, Sport Science & Wellbeing, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1348-760X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can create realistic synthetic faces, which have the potential to be used for nefarious purposes. The synthetic faces produced by GANs are difficult to detect and are often judged to be more realistic than real faces. Training programmes have been developed to improve human synthetic face detection accuracy, with mixed results. Here, we investigate synthetic face detection and discrimination in super-recognizers (SRs; who have exceptional face recognition skills), and typical-ability control participants. We also devised a training procedure which sought to highlight rendering artefacts. In two different experimental designs, we found that SRs (total

Indexed as

AI-generated facessuper-recognizerssynthetic facestraining

Identifiers

PMID41234800
PMCPMC12606254

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.