ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2025
The Cognitive and Neuroimaging for Neurodegenerative Disorders Study (CogNID): design and initial findings from real-world clinical practice.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Dementia presents with significant heterogeneity across age groups, particularly in early-onset cognitive decline (EOCD), which poses diagnostic and management challenges. The Cognitive and Neuroimaging for Neurodegenerative Disorders (CogNID) study aims to characterise clinical, cognitive, neuroimaging, and biomarker features across a diverse cohort of individuals with cognitive impairment, with a focus on diagnostic complexity, biomarker utility, and mortality. Methods: Out of 680 study participants within this prospective cohort enrolled from the real-world clinics within the National Health Service, who consented to take part in the study, we analysed data from 429. Individuals were recruited between December 2018 and November 2024 from the Memory Clinics, including the early-onset dementia service and associated services. Participants underwent structured cognitive assessments, neuroimaging (MRI/CT), and Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker evaluation, where available. Diagnoses were made by multidisciplinary consensus. Group comparisons were conducted between early-onset (EOCD, <65 years) and late-onset cognitive decline (LOCD, ≥65 years). Results: Of the 429 participants, 349 (81.4%) had EOCD and 80 (18.6%) had LOCD. The mean age was 60.05 years, with no significant difference in sex or ethnicity across groups. Depression and anxiety were common (29.6%), as were cardiovascular risk factors. Lumbar punctures were more frequently performed in EOCD (p = 0.03), with 36.4% of tested participants demonstrating biomarker profiles consistent with Alzheimer's disease (A+T+). Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) was more common in EOCD (22.3% vs. 5.0%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed significantly lower ACE-III scores and higher pathological CSF findings in Alzheimer's disease versus FCD. Mortality was higher in the LOCD group (11.3% vs. 4.6%, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The CogNID study highlights the clinical and diagnostic heterogeneity of individuals with cognitive impairment, particularly in younger adults. Incorporating neuroimaging and CSF biomarkers into routine clinical pathways enhances diagnostic precision and reveals distinct phenotypic profiles between EOCD and LOCD. These findings underscore the need for harmonised diagnostic protocols, broader biomarker accessibility, and inclusive recruitment strategies in dementia research and clinical services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.