Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41234000›Full record

ArticleACS nano2025

Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Monitoring of Porosity Evolution in Iron-Nitrogen-Carbon Electrocatalysts.

Rutha Jäger, Patrick Teppor, Armin Hoell, Uwe Keiderling, Christian Gollwitzer, Olga Volobujeva, Jaan Aruväli, Zdravko Kochovski, Eneli Härk

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In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rutha JägerInstitute of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Patrick TepporInstitute of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Armin HoellDepartment Structure and Dynamics of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7080-8393
Uwe KeiderlingDepartment Experiment Control and Data Acquisition, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
Christian GollwitzerPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestr. 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6437-8825
Olga VolobujevaDepartment of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
Jaan AruväliInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Department of Geology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Zdravko KochovskiInstitute Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8375-0365
Eneli HärkInstitute Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5758-8106

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study highlights the use of anomalous and small-angle X-ray scattering (ASAXS/SAXS) to monitor the evolution of micro- and mesoporosity during the synthesis of iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) electrocatalysts. A structural model-free SAXS approach enabled the determination of 13 structural parameters across five Fe-N-C electrocatalysts, compared to a commercial PMF-12704, Pajarito Powder. SAXS revealed hierarchical pore formation and structural changes spanning micro- to macroscales. Key features, such as pore curvature, porosity, and disorder, increased with synthesis modifications, correlating with enhanced oxygen reduction activity and reduced hydrogen peroxide yield. Notably, an average graphene layer curvature (

Indexed as

average graphene layer curvatureFe–N–C electrocatalystshierarchical porosityhydroxyapatiteSAXS structural model-free analysis

Identifiers

PMID41234000
PMCPMC12659431

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.