Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41233643›Full record

ArticleBiological trace element research2026

Health Risk Assessment of Metal(loid)s in Black and Dark-Colored Sachet Hair Dyes Purchased from Online Retail Platforms in Thailand.

Nahathai Chotklang, Pannraphat Takolpuckdee, Siriwan Polset, Somkid Tangkan

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Article in Biological trace element research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Nahathai ChotklangFaculty of Science and Technology, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani Province, 13180, Thailand.
Pannraphat TakolpuckdeeFaculty of Science and Technology, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani Province, 13180, Thailand.
Siriwan PolsetFaculty of Industrial Technology, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani Province, 13180, Thailand.
Somkid TangkanFaculty of Industrial Technology, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage, Phahonyothin Road, Pathum Thani Province, 13180, Thailand. somkid.tan@vru.ac.th.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated sachet hair dyes in black and dark shades, widely used by consumers. Contamination levels of metal(loid)s, including arsenic, chromium, cadmium, copper, nickel, iron, lead, and zinc, were analyzed in products purchased from online platforms, and the associated health risks were evaluated through dermal exposure. Hair dye samples were digested using a mixture of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide through microwave-assisted acid digestion. Metal(loid) concentrations were quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry in accordance with United States Environmental Protection Agency Method 6010D. Health risk assessment was conducted based on the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety and United States Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. The results indicated that the average concentrations of all analyzed metal(loid)s were within the permissible limits established by international and national standards, except for nickel, which was detected at 64.34 mg/kg, exceeding the World Health Organization limit. The calculated Margin of Safety values for all metals exceeded 100, indicating that the products are safe for use. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were assessed using the Hazard Index and Total Lifetime Cancer Risk, respectively. The average Hazard Index was

Indexed as

Hair DyesMetals, HeavyArsenicHumansRisk AssessmentThailandArsenicHair DyesMetals, HeavyCosmetic productsHair coloringHealth impactInorganic elementsToxicology

Identifiers

PMID41233643

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.