Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41230833›Full record

ArticleInternational health2026

A qualitative study on pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and retention among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Myanmar.

Ni Ni Tun, Soe Yu Naing, Nyan Lynn Tun, Myo Min Min Hteik, Myat Ko Ko, Htet Htet Aung, Nyan Phone Myint, Frank Smithuis, Tom Decroo, Tinne Gils and 1 more

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Article in International health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ni Ni TunMedical Action Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar.ORCID 0000-0003-1496-7813
Soe Yu NaingPublic Health Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Nyan Lynn TunMyanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.
Myo Min Min HteikMyanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.
Myat Ko KoMedical Action Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar.
Htet Htet AungMyanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Yangon, Myanmar.
Nyan Phone MyintMedical Action Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar.
Frank SmithuisMedical Action Myanmar, Yangon, Myanmar.
Tom DecrooClinical Sciences Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1205-1484
Tinne GilsClinical Sciences Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5518-9600
Thijs ReyniersPublic Health Department, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

Funding

Myanmar Oxford Clinical Research Unit
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is efficacious in reducing human immunodeficiency virus transmission among people at substantial risk. In Myanmar's PrEP demonstration project among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW), 39% (n=216) of eligible MSM/TGW initiated daily oral PrEP and 43% (n=93) of them remained on PrEP at 1 y. Here we aimed to understand the barriers and facilitators of PrEP uptake and retention among Myanmar's MSM/TGW and healthcare providers. We conducted three focus group discussions among 29 MSM/TGW (PrEP users and non-users) and in-depth interviews among 18 MSM/TGW and 8 healthcare providers (non-PrEP and PrEP prescribers) from Yangon. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed in Burmese. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Among 47 participating MSM/TGW, the median age was 27 y, half identified as TGW (51% [n=24]) and 49% (n=23) were MSM and 53% (n=25) were taking PrEP during the study. Among healthcare providers, the median age was 31 y, seven were male, one was female and half were PrEP providers. In our study, perceived stigma linked with homosexuality, the daily pill burden and community misconceptions of PrEP as antiretroviral therapy were barriers. Providing telemedicine services and incentives and having a supportive network and peers facilitated PrEP uptake and retention.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsHomosexuality, MalePre-Exposure ProphylaxisTransgender PersonsAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHealth PersonnelHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMyanmarQualitative ResearchYoung AdultAnti-HIV Agentsmen who have sex with menMyanmarpre-exposure prophylaxisqualitative studytransgender women

Identifiers

PMID41230833
PMCPMC13329951

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