Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41230436›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomedical optics2025

Consensus guidelines for cellular label-free optical metabolic imaging: ensuring accuracy and reproducibility in metabolic profiling.

Irene Georgakoudi, Melissa C Skala, Kyle P Quinn, Chiara Stringari, Janet E Sorrells, Ahmed A Heikal, Lin Z Li, He N Xu, Sixian You, Alex J Walsh and 28 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomedical optics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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  13. Insights into the biological effects of molybdenum in an insect model (Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors.

Irene GeorgakoudiThayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-6697
Melissa C SkalaMorgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-7637
Kyle P QuinnTufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States.
Chiara StringariInstitut Polytechnique de Paris, École Polytechnique & CNRS, Inserm, Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Palaiseau, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0550-7463
Janet E SorrellsWashington University in St. Louis, Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0071-8509
Ahmed A HeikalUniversity of Minnesota Duluth, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duluth, Minnesota, United States.
Lin Z LiUniversity of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Britton Chance Laboratory of Redox Imaging, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9447-7982
He N XuUniversity of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Britton Chance Laboratory of Redox Imaging, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-2629
Sixian YouMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
Alex J WalshTexas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-8207
Rupsa DattaMorgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-2389
Kayvan SamimiMorgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2566-612X
Amani A GilletteMorgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1470-3300
Kevin W EliceiriMorgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-670X
Mihaela BaluUniversity of California, Department of Dermatology and Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8018-5134
Stephen A BoppartUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9386-5630
Michelle A DigmanUniversity of California Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, California, United States.
Kylie R DunningThe University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, Adelaide, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-6479
Conor L EvansMassachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Alba Alfonso GarciaUniversity of California, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States.
Jessica P HoustonNew Mexico State University, Chemical & Materials Engineering, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States.
Wonsang HwangMassachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-9554
Matthew M LindleyThayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.
Xingde LiJohns Hopkins University, Biomedical Engineering Department, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4725-3297
Zhiyi LiuZhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8122-8474
Laura MarcuUniversity of California, Departments of Neurological Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Davis, California, United States.
Sangeeta MurugkarCarleton University, Department of Physics, Ottawa, OntarioCanada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-4893
Michael G NicholsCreighton University, Department of Physics, Omaha, Nebraska, United States.
Raluca NiesnerDynamic and Functional In vivo Imaging Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany & Biophysical Analytics, German Rheumatology Research Center, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-3751
Sapun H ParekhUniversity of Texas at Austin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Austin, Texas, United States.
Narasimhan RajaramUniversity of Arkansas, Biomedical Engineering Department, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1224-8567
Suman RanjitGeorgetown University, Department of Oncology, Washington, DC, United States.
Keyue ShenUniversity of Southern California, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Los Angeles, California, United States.
Lingyan ShiUniversity of California, Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, San Diego, California, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1373-3206
Belén TorradoUniversity of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States.
Alexander VallmitjanaUniversity of California Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California, United States.
Michael Wang-EversMassachusetts General Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.
Roger ZempUniversity of Alberta, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6802-5624

Funding

Translational Engineering in Cancer (TEC)P30CA023108 · NCI · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI Fred W Kolling IV · 1985 to 2026
$91.3M
TECH CoreU54CA268069 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI David J. Odde · 2022 to 2026
$8.2M
The Center for Label-free Imagingand Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB)P41EB031772 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI Stephen A Boppart · 2022 to 2026
$7.6M
TRD3: Data Analytics and Intelligent Systems (AI-ML-DL-Visualization)P41EB032840 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI Laura Marcu · 2022 to 2026
$6.7M
UCI P30 Skin Center Systems Biology CoreP30AR075047 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI ANDERSEN, BOGI, GANESAN, ANAND K · 2019 to 2025
$5.1M
Probe-based two photon microscopy for functional, label-free early cancer diagnosisR01EB030061 · NIBIB · TUFTS UNIVERSITY MEDFORD · PI BEN-YAKAR, ADELA, GEORGAKOUDI, IRENE · 2020 to 2023
$3.2M
Redox imaging for breast cancer prognosisR01CA191207 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LI, LIN Z · 2015 to 2019
$3.2M
Functional optical imaging for rapid, label-free predictions of treatment response and clonal evolution in patient-derived cancer organoidsR01CA272855 · NCI · MORGRIDGE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH, INC. · PI Dustin A Deming, Melissa Caroline Skala · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
Label-Free Optical Redox Imaging for Pretreatment Prognosis of Early-Stage Triple Negative Breast CancerR01CA277037 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LIN Z LI · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
Label-free imaging of CAR T cell metabolismR01CA278051 · NCI · MORGRIDGE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH, INC. · PI Christian Capitini, Krishanu Saha · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
Label-free single-cell imaging for quality control of cardiomyocyte biomanufacturingR01HL165726 · NHLBI · MORGRIDGE INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH, INC. · PI Sean P Palecek, Melissa Caroline Skala · 2023 to 2026
$2.5M
Non-invasive automated wound analysis via deep learning neural networksR01EB031032 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS AT FAYETTEVILLE · PI QUINN, KYLE PATRICK · 2021 to 2024
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA023108NCI NIH HHS R01 CA191207NCI NIH HHS R01 CA272855NCI NIH HHS R01 CA277037NCI NIH HHS R01 CA278051NCI NIH HHS U54 CA268069NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL165726NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR075047NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB031772NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB032840NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB030061NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB031032
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Significance: Cellular metabolism plays a central role in health and disease, making its study critical for advancing diagnostics and therapies. Label-free optical metabolic imaging using endogenous fluorescence from reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H] and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) provides nondestructive, high-resolution insights into metabolic function and heterogeneity from the sub-cellular to the tissue level. Standardized approaches are essential to ensure reproducibility and comparability across studies. Aim: We aim to establish a consensus framework for the acquisition, calibration, and reporting of microscopic imaging metabolic function assessments based on fluorescence intensity and lifetime measurements of NAD(P)H and FAD. Approach: We present best practices for calibrating, analyzing, and reporting fluorescence intensity-based optical redox ratios and fluorescence lifetime data using multiexponential fitting and phasor analysis. Guidelines for validation experiments and cross-system standardization are provided to improve accuracy and reproducibility. Results: We demonstrate the importance of calibration procedures and normalization strategies for intensity-based optical redox measurements. We highlight needed calibration, signal-to-noise ratio considerations, and the impact of distinct analytical approaches on fluorescence lifetime-based metabolic function metrics. Conclusion: We recommend a consistent, practical framework for reproducible, label-free, optical metabolic imaging, facilitating robust comparisons across studies and supporting the broader adoption of optical metabolic imaging technologies for biomedical research and clinical translation.

Indexed as

MetabolomeOptical ImagingAnimalsCalibrationConsensusFlavin-Adenine DinucleotideHumansNADPOxidation-ReductionReproducibility of ResultsSignal-To-Noise RatioFlavin-Adenine DinucleotideNADPbound fractioncalibrationendogenous fluorescenceflavin adenine dinucleotidefluorescence lifetime imaging microscopymetabolic imagingnicotinamide adenine dinucleotidenicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateredox ratio

Identifiers

PMID41230436
PMCPMC12604823

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.