ArticleSwarm intelligence2025
Non-uniform magnetic fields for collective behavior of self-assembled magnetic pillars.
Article in Swarm intelligence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Emergent collective dynamics of microrobotic swarms in viscoelastic media: a computational perspective.The European physical journal. E, Soft matter · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Programmable and self-assembled magnetic pillars are essential to expanding the application domain of magnetic microparticle collectives. Typically, the collective behavior of self-assembled magnetic pillars is carried out by generating uniform and time-varying magnetic fields. However, magnetic field-shaping capabilities employing non-uniform fields have not been explored for magnetic pillars. In this study, we generate non-uniform magnetic fields using a nine-coil electromagnetic system to achieve object manipulation, upstream/downstream locomotion, and independent actuation. We begin analyzing the static magnetic self-assembly of reduced iron microparticles and experimentally derive the average dimensions (height and diameter) of the resulting pillars. Subsequently, we delve into the collective dynamic response under non-uniform and time-varying magnetic fields, unveiling four distinct modalities. In order to demonstrate the versatility of our approach, we extend our study to the two-dimensional manipulation of a millimeter-sized glass bead using a precessing magnetic field describing a Lissajous curve. Moreover, we showcase the ability of magnetic pillars to adapt to confined and dynamic conditions within fluidic tubes. We finally present a noteworthy case where the nine-coil electromagnetic system independently actuates two clusters of magnetic pillars. Our study shows the potential of using non-uniform magnetic fields to actuate self-assembled magnetic pillars, enabling morphology reconfiguration capabilities, object manipulation, locomotion, and independent actuation. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11721-024-00240-z.
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