Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41229518›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025

India's journey in mainstreaming Ayush in primary health care-from tradition to integration.

Tanuja Nesari, Manoj Nesari, Galib Ruknuddin, R K Yadava, Vittal Huddar, Prasanth Dharmarajan, Shivani Ghildiyal, Prashant Kumar Gupta, Ramesh Kumar, Varun Gupta and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. A scoping review of clinicalFrontiers in medicine · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Tanuja NesariInstitute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, India.
Manoj NesariCentral Government Health Scheme, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India.
Galib RuknuddinAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
R K YadavaAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Vittal HuddarAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Prasanth DharmarajanAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Shivani GhildiyalAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Prashant Kumar GuptaAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Ramesh KumarAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Varun GuptaAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Deep Shikha PuneraCentre of Excellence for Applied Development of Ayurveda Prakriti and Genomics, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India.
Shifa Shetty PAll India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, India.
Sumeet GoelAll India Institute of Ayurveda, Goa, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: India has systematically integrated Indian traditional medicine systems Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-rigpa including Homeopathy -collectively known as 'Ayush' into its public healthcare delivery. Since upgrading the Department of Ayush to a dedicated Ministry of Ayush in the year 2014, several landmark initiatives have been launched, including the National Ayush Mission (NAM), the establishment of Ayush Health and Wellness Centres under Ayushman Bharat, and the creation of the Ayushman Arogya Mandirs network. These efforts reflect a strategic commitment to enhance primary health care (PHC) by promoting culturally relevant, preventive, and affordable services. Methods: This practice and policy review employed a systematic approach to analyze the integration of Ayush into India's PHC system. Primary and secondary source of data was drawn from national health policies, government reports, international frameworks, and official statistics between 2014 and 2024. Data was analyzed in detail to assess implementation status, infrastructure, global positioning, education, digital integration, and policy challenges. Observations: India's traditional medicine sector includes 12,500 Ayushman Arogya Mandir led by qualified doctors of Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Sowarigpa and homeopathy doctors, 750,000 registered institutionally qualified practitioners, more than 700 Ayush medical colleges and attached hospitals, around 9,000 Ayush drug manufacturing industries, dedicated research councils for ewach of the Ayush system with their peripheral centers, a Pharmacopoeia Commission of Indian systems of Medicine and Homeopathy etc. Moreover, Ayush systems are integrated in 26,636 Primary Health Centres (PHCs), 6,155 Community Health Centres (CHCs), and 759 Districts Hospitals (DH) in the country. Ayush systems are also integrated in health infrastructure under Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Labour Welfare, Ministry of Railways etc. Public health programs targeting maternal health, geriatric care, and non-communicable diseases have incorporated Ayush-based approaches. Internationally, India has established academic collaborations and information cells across 42 countries and academic chairs across 38 countries, while domestic initiatives focus on digital health (Ayush Grid), education reform (NEP 2020), quality assurance, and cross-referral pathways. Inference: India's integrative approach demonstrates how traditional medicine can enhance PHC delivery, particularly in underserved settings. With continued investment in evidence-based practices, regulatory alignment, and inclusive models, Ayush can play a pivotal role in achieving Universal Health Coverage and informing global traditional medicine strategies.

Indexed as

Ayush systemsevidence-based Ayurvedahealth policy and systems integrationintegrative healthcareNational Ayush Missionprimary health care (PHC)traditional medicineuniversal health coverage (UHC)

Identifiers

PMID41229518
PMCPMC12602521

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.