Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41228620›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

Enhancing Radiation Shielding Properties of Pharmaceutical Polymers Through Zinc Oxide Incorporation: A Study on Gamma Energy Attenuation.

Mohammad W Marashdeh, Afnan Alsalman, Muthanna Abdulkarim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohammad W MarashdehDepartment of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-2738-9506
Afnan AlsalmanDepartment of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.
Muthanna AbdulkarimDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5753-7261

Funding

This work was supported and funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) grant number IMSIU-DDRSP2501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An investigation was carried out to improve the gamma radiation shielding properties of Benecel K4M pharmaceutical polymer using zinc oxide (ZnO) at concentrations from 0 to 6 wt.%. Compressed composite tablet samples were prepared and tested in the range of photon energies 59.5 to 1332 keV for the assessment of various shielding parameters, including linear attenuation coefficient, radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and mean free path (MFP). As the ZnO content increased, the attenuation properties of the material showed improved shielding behavior, which was attributed to its high density and atomic number. At 59.9 keV, RPE increased from 6.9% for the pure polymer to 12.2% for the 6 wt.% composite, whereas MFP decreased from 13.9 cm to 7.6 cm. The results indicate that ZnO addition significantly enhances the shielding efficiency of Benecel K4M, demonstrating that ZnO can serve as a lightweight and non-toxic alternative to heavy-metal-based materials for pharmaceutical protection in radiation-rich environments.

Indexed as

Benecel K4Mgamma radiation shieldingmean free pathpharmaceutical polymersradiation protection efficiencyzinc oxide composites

Identifiers

PMID41228620
PMCPMC12608743

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.