Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41227646›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A Nutritional Evaluation of Plant-Based Meat and Sausage Analogues.

Leah Brodersen, Gerald Rimbach, Ulrike Seidel, Pia Rinne, Mario Hasler, Anja Bosy-Westphal, Katharina Jans

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Physicochemical Properties of Safflower (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Leah BrodersenDepartment of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Gerald RimbachDepartment of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7888-4684
Ulrike SeidelDepartment of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4384-488X
Pia RinneDepartment of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0009-0001-9432-6698
Mario HaslerLehrfach Variationsstatistik, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Anja Bosy-WestphalDepartment of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8318-9448
Katharina JansDepartment of Food Science, Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plant-based meat and sausage analogues (PBMAs) are gaining popularity due to growing concerns about the health, environmental, and ethical impacts of animal-based foods. In the present study, we compared the nutritional quality of 298 PBMAs to 294 animal-based reference products available on the German retail market in 2024 across nine subcategories. PBMAs generally contained less total fat, saturated fat, and protein, but more fibre, carbohydrates, and sugar compared to meat products. Notably, most meat analogues exhibited higher salt contents. Nutri-Scores of PBMAs were significantly favourable in six subcategories. Among PBMAs, approximately 60% demonstrated good protein quality, while only 12% were fortified with key micronutrients, including vitamin B12 or iron. Most PBMAs contained one or more additives and flavourings. These findings suggest that while PBMAs often offer favourable nutritional profiles, reformulation and clearer nutritional guidance could help to further support the emergence of healthier plant-based options.

Indexed as

high-protein foodsmeat alternativesmeat substitutesNutri-Scorenutritional qualityplant-based meat analogues

Identifiers

PMID41227646
PMCPMC12610220

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.