Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41226335›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Flagellin as a Versatile Adjuvant Platform: Genetic Fusion Approaches for Next-Generation Vaccines.

Eugenia S Mardanova, Nikolai V Ravin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Eugenia S MardanovaResearch Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia.ORCID 0000-0003-2148-7658
Nikolai V RavinResearch Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-1456-1832

Funding

Russian Science Foundation 25-14-00226
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flagellin is the main structural protein of the bacterial flagellum, responsible for the movement of flagellated bacteria. Flagellin activates Toll-like receptor 5, inducing both innate and adaptive immune reactions, which highlights its potential as a vaccine adjuvant, particularly efficient in case of administration via mucosal routes. Genetic fusion of an antigen to flagellin has been shown to enhance the immune responses against the antigen. The molecular architecture of flagellin provides versatile and robust adjuvant functionality, facilitating the development of diverse vaccination strategies against multiple diseases as recombinant protein-based vaccines demonstrate substantial advantages over conventional live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines in both developmental efficiency and safety profiles. We present a comprehensive overview of vaccine design strategies employing genetic fusion of antigens to flagellin for protection against various infectious diseases. The proven effectiveness of flagellin-based delivery has enabled several vaccine candidates to enter clinical trials.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineFlagellinVaccinesAnimalsHumansToll-Like Receptor 5Vaccine DevelopmentAdjuvants, ImmunologicAdjuvants, VaccineFlagellinToll-Like Receptor 5Vaccinesadjuvantantigenflagellintoll-like receptor 5vaccine

Identifiers

PMID41226335
PMCPMC12610479

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.