Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41226262›Full record

ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

From Triads to Tools: A Comprehensive Review of the Expanding Roles of G-Triplex Structures.

Mitchell W Myhre, Malay Kumar Das, Elizabeth P Williams, Wendi M David, Sean M Kerwin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mitchell W MyhreDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
Malay Kumar DasMaterials Science, Engineering, and Commercialization Program, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-0148-2959
Elizabeth P WilliamsDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
Wendi M DavidDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
Sean M KerwinDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8432-6558

Funding

National Science Foundation DMR-2122041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interest in non-canonical DNA structures continues to grow, in part fueled by the recent discovery of a new structure, G-triplex DNA. Originally proposed as folding intermediates for G-quadruplex DNA, G-triplex DNA has more recently been shown to form from truncated G-quadruplex sequence oligonucleotides and other, specifically designed sequences. In this review, we provide the first, comprehensive survey of G-triplex DNA and RNA, covering the literature up to 2024. We include reports of G-triplex DNA from bulk solution and single-molecule approaches, the structural characterization of G-triplex DNA, and the breadth of oligonucleotide sequences that have been reported to form these structures. The formation of G-triplex RNA structures is also reviewed. The evolving understanding of sequence and environmental effects on G-triplex formation are presented together with challenges due to structural polymorphism and competing formation of multimeric G-quadruplex structures. Hints of the biological relevance of G-triplexes are provided by reports of protein recognition of these structures and their effects on DNA replication in vitro. Interaction of G-triplex DNA with a variety of ligands has been reported, although the search for selective ligands that can distinguish G-triplex from G-quadruplex is on-going. The vast majority of publications in the area have focused on the utilization of G-triplex in biosensing applications, which has shown some advantages compared to G-quadruplex-based systems. These results highlight the potential utility of G-triplex structures in a variety of domains and show its promise in applications in biotechnology, medicine, and research.

Indexed as

DNAG-QuadruplexesRNAHumansNucleic Acid ConformationDNARNAbiosensorsDNAzymeG-quadruplexG-triplex

Identifiers

PMID41226262
PMCPMC12608900

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.