Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41226164›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

New Chlormequat-Based Ionic Liquids as Plant Resistance Inducers.

Rafal Kukawka, Maciej Spychalski, Patrycja Czerwoniec, Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska, Sylwia Stępniewska-Jarosz, Emilia Frydrych-Tomczak, Marcin Smiglak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Rafal KukawkaPoznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Ul. Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1073-496X
Maciej SpychalskiPoznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Ul. Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0681-5433
Patrycja CzerwoniecPoznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Ul. Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3346-7072
Beata Hasiów-JaroszewskaInstitute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Ul. Wł. Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8267-023X
Sylwia Stępniewska-JaroszInstitute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Ul. Wł. Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6259-4663
Emilia Frydrych-TomczakPoznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Ul. Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.
Marcin SmiglakPoznan Science and Technology Park, Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation, Ul. Rubiez 46, 61-612 Poznań, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4444-5354

Funding

National Science Centre UMO-2022/47/D/NZ9/02327
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Active compounds used in agriculture are mainly in the form of acids. This applies primarily to substances that are inducers of systemic acquired resistance, which is one of the most promising methods of supporting plants in the fight against pathogens. The physicochemical properties and biological activity of such substances can be improved by derivatizing them to salt forms. We used the concept of ionic liquids to obtain novel compounds in the form of chlormequat ionic liquids. In this study we present synthesis and characterization of a series of novel ionic liquids composed of the chlormequat cation paired with plant resistance-inducing anions, including salicylic acid and its chlorinated derivatives, nicotinic acid and isonicotinic acid. The results indicate that the new compounds in the form of salts are characterized by better biological activity related to SAR induction and lower phytotoxicity compared to the parent compounds as their equivalents in acid forms. The obtained compounds demonstrated the ability to activate defense responses in tobacco and to reduce susceptibility to viral infection, highlighting their potential for further application in crop protection.

Indexed as

Disease ResistanceIonic LiquidsNicotianaPlant DiseasesSalicylic AcidIonic LiquidsSalicylic Acid2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium cationbifunctionalitybiological activitychlormequationic liquidsplant protectionplant resistance inducerssystemic acquired resistanceTobamovirus tabaci

Identifiers

PMID41226164
PMCPMC12610573

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.