Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41225981›Full record

ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Exploring Morphologic and Functional Variants in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: An Echocardiographic and Doppler Review.

Kamil Stankowski, Fabrizio Celeste, Manuela Muratori, Francesco Cannata, Nicola Cosentino, Fabio Fazzari, Laura Fusini, Daniele Junod, Massimo Mapelli, Riccardo Maragna and 5 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Kamil StankowskiDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7088-8509
Fabrizio CelesteDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0827-5995
Manuela MuratoriDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Francesco CannataDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Nicola CosentinoDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8628-3106
Fabio FazzariDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7156-0636
Laura FusiniDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0309-6231
Daniele JunodDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Massimo MapelliDepartment of Critical Cardiology and Rehabilitation, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea, 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9985-7407
Riccardo MaragnaDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Andrea BaggianoDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8261-4529
Saima MushtaqDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Luigi TassettiDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.
Gianluca PontoneDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1339-6679
Mauro PepiDepartment of Perioperative Cardiology and Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea 4, 20138 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2524-6288

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex and heterogeneous myocardial disorder, best evaluated with echocardiography for initial diagnosis, risk stratification, and longitudinal monitoring. This focused review explores the echocardiographic assessment of various morphologic phenotypes of HCM, emphasizing their diagnostic nuances. Distinct phenotypes, including asymmetric septal hypertrophy, concentric hypertrophy, and the less common apical HCM, present unique imaging challenges. Additionally, the review outlines essential techniques and practical tips for assessing left ventricular apical aneurysm flow patterns and dynamic intraventricular gradients. A thorough understanding of mitral valve anatomy and its role in left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is also crucial. Finally, anatomical variants of the mitral valve, papillary muscles and left ventricular myocardium are examined for their contribution to systolic anterior motion and mid-ventricular obstruction as well as for constituting additional phenotypical expressions of HCM, beyond left ventricular hypertrophy.

Indexed as

echocardiographyhypertrophic cardiomyopathyleft ventricular apical aneurysmleft ventricular outflow gradientmitral valvesystolic anterior movement

Identifiers

PMID41225981
PMCPMC12610282

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.