ArticleBMC public health2025
Malnutrition among children under 7 years of age linked to ascariasis: evidence from West Sumba, Indonesia, despite ongoing deworming program.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSoil-transmitted helminth (STH) diseases persist in various Asian nations, including Indonesia. The West Sumba District, located in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, has been implementing a deworming program targeting children under 7 years of age since 2017. This study aims to assess the prevalence, intensity, and distribution of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and its association with nutritional status among children under 7 years of age in West Sumba District.
methodsIn this community-based cross-sectional study, children under 7 years of age registered at integrated health posts in eight primary health facilities in West Sumba District were randomly sampled (443 subjects) from October 2022 to January 2023. Kato-Katz methods were applied to detect STH infections. Malnutrition was determined using a Height-for-Age table with a Z-score (HAZ).
resultsThe prevalence of STH in children under 7 years of age was 32.5% (144/443). Kota Waikabubak sub-district had the highest STH cases, with Trichuris trichiura (34.0%; 49/144)) and Ascaris lumbricoides (27.8%; 40/144) being the two common species. The following variables have been significant risk factors for STH infection: children aged > 2 years (OR: 5.9, 95% CI: 3.64-9.55, p < 0.001), parents with basic (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.07-2.73, p < 0.001) and no educational level (OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 2.30-7.03, p < 0.001), family with monthly income < 2.5 million rupiahs (OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.70-18.78, p < 0.001), a preference for ground-based play (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 2.65-10.04, p < 0.001), the presence of a private toilet at home (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 2.22-5.19, p < 0.001), and have no septic tank for final disposal of stool (OR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.91-5.75, p < 0.001). Malnutrition, indicated by stunted and severely stunted children with a range of cases from 5% to 37%, was strongly linked with A. lumbricoides infection (OR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.70-7.02, p < 0.001) occurring in Kota Waikabubak and supported by spatial map analysis.
conclusionsCurrent research indicates a notable link between STH infection, i.e. ascariasis, and stunting as a malnutrition status in children under 7 years of age in Kota Waikabubak, a densely populated capital city in the district's centre. This finding addresses a key public health gap by providing evidence on the early burden of helminthiasis in low-resource tropical settings.
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