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ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026

A UK-based consensus on clinical decision flowcharts for managing childhood amelogenesis imperfecta in the permanent dentition.

S Lakhani, J Monteiro, M Agel, A Lyne, C Somani, R Balmer, A Mighell, K O'Donnell, F Lafferty, C McCann and 1 more

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Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

S LakhaniSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom. shrita.lakhani@nhs.net.
J MonteiroSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
M AgelSheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
A LyneUniversity College London, London, United Kingdom.
C SomaniUniversity College London, London, United Kingdom.
R BalmerUniversity of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
A MighellUniversity of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
K O'DonnellLeeds Dental Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
F LaffertyEdinburgh Dental Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
C McCannUniversity of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
S ParekhUniversity College London, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAmelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic condition characterised by defective enamel formation, with variable presentations. Diagnosis traditionally involves family history, clinical presentation, with genetic testing being increasingly integrated into clinical practice. Children and young people (CYP) with AI face clinical and psychosocial challenges over extended periods. Given the absence of specific guidelines for AI management in CYP, this project aimed to develop flowcharts to guide dental practitioners in managing the three primary AI phenotypes: hypoplastic, hypocalcified, and hypomaturation. The flowcharts focus on the permanent dentition and provide a structured, yet flexible treatment approach, addressing key clinical issues such as hypersensitivity management, and aesthetic restoration.

methodsThe flowcharts were developed collaboratively by the UK Amelogenesis Imperfecta/Dentinogenesis Imperfecta National Clinical Excellence Network (AI/DI CEN). Expert opinion was sought over a series of meetings with specialists who treat children with amelogenesis imperfecta. Initial drafts of the flowcharts were discussed in two discussion forums until consensus was achieved.

resultsThe flowcharts prioritise prevention, minimally invasive treatment, and shared decision-making, adapting interventions to phenotype type and severity as well as individual patient needs.

conclusionThis guidance is presented to assist dental professionals in delivering comprehensive, empathetic, and effective care for CYP with AI.

Indexed as

Amelogenesis ImperfectaClinical Decision-MakingChildConsensusDentition, PermanentHumansPhenotypeUnited KingdomAmelogenesis imperfectaMultidisciplinary treatmentPaediatric dentistryPhenotype-genotype correlationPreventive carePsychosocial impact

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