Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41225030›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Neuroscience2026

Time, space, memory and brain-body rhythms.

György Buzsáki

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Spectral dependence as a framework for neural coordination.Current research in neurobiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Rhythms alone cannot explain subjective time.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

György BuzsákiNeuroscience Institute and Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA. gyorgy.buzsaki@nyulangone.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3100-4800

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Time and space are crucial concepts in neuroscience, because our personal memories are tied to specific events that occur 'in' a particular space and on a 'timeline'. Thus, we seek to understand how the brain constructs time and space and how these are related to episodic memory. Place cells and time cells have been identified in the brain and have been proposed to 'represent' space and time via single-neuron or population coding, thus acting as hypothetical coordinates within a Newtonian framework of space and time. However, there is a fundamental tension between the linear and unidirectional flow of physical time and the variable nature of experienced time. Moreover, modern physics no longer views space as a fixed container and time as something in which events occur. Here, I articulate an alternative view: that time (physical and experienced) is an abstracted relational measure of change. Physical time is measured using arbitrary units and artificial clocks, whereas experienced time is linked to a hierarchy of brain-body rhythms that provide a range of reference scales that reflect the full span of experienced time. Changes in body and brain circuits, tied to these rhythms, may be the source of our subjective feeling of time.

Indexed as

BrainMemorySpace PerceptionTime PerceptionAnimalsHumansNeurons

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.