Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41225014›Full record

ArticleNature2026

Estimation and mapping of the missing heritability of human phenotypes.

Pierrick Wainschtein, Yuanxiang Zhang, Jeremy Schwartzentruber, Irfahan Kassam, Julia Sidorenko, Petko P Fiziev, Huanwei Wang, Jeremy McRae, Richard Border, Noah Zaitlen and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Genetic architectures of brain-related traits are shaped by strong selective constraints.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Genetic influences on haematopoiesis.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Evolution of quantitative traits with background selection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Genetic factors contributing to atherosclerosis.Current opinion in cardiology · 2026
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Pierrick WainschteinIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA. pwainschtein@illumina.com.ORCID 0000-0002-5203-6481
Yuanxiang ZhangInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0695-4409
Jeremy SchwartzentruberIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
Irfahan KassamIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6150-5614
Julia SidorenkoInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1494-6772
Petko P FizievIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.
Huanwei WangInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6137-3391
Jeremy McRaeIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3411-9248
Richard BorderDepartment of Computational Biology, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6293-2968
Noah ZaitlenDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Sriram SankararamanDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1586-9641
Michael E GoddardCentre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Jian ZengInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-8801-5220
Peter M VisscherInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2143-8760
Kyle Kai-How FarhIllumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6947-8537
Loic YengoInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. l.yengo@imb.uq.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-4272-9305

Funding

Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR) -Identifying correlates of functional immunity in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasmaUL1TR002243 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Paul A. Harris, Wesley H Self · 2017 to 2026
$130.7M
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY CTSA FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024975 · NCRR · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2007 to 2011
$45.7M
The Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR)UL1TR000445 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BERNARD, GORDON RAPHAEL · 2012 to 2016
$41.4M
Methods for Genome-wide Association Studies in Admixed PopulationsR01HG006399 · NHGRI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI PRICE, ALKES L · 2011 to 2024
$6.3M
Modular Automated -80C Sample Storage SystemS10OD025092 · OD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI GOLDENRING, JAMES RICHARD · 2019 to 2019
$2.0M
Automated Storage and Retrieval of Biological SystemsS10RR025141 · NCRR · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI RODEN, DAN M · 2008 to 2008
$988k
BioVU Plasma Storage EquipmentS10OD017985 · OD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI RODEN, DAN M · 2014 to 2014
$239k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000445NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002243NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR025141NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024975NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG006399NIH HHS S10 OD017985NIH HHS S10 OD025092
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rare coding variants shape inter-individual differences in human phenotypes

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyMultifactorial InheritancePhenotypeQuantitative Trait, HeritableBiological Specimen BanksFemaleGene FrequencyGenome, HumanHumansINDEL MutationMalePedigreePolymorphism, Single NucleotideUnited KingdomWhite PeopleWhole Genome Sequencing

Identifiers

PMID41225014
PMCPMC12851931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.