ArticleNature2026
Ecology and spread of the North American H5N1 epizootic.
Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Counting cases, conserving species: addressing highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Cellular tropism of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in human respiratory and bovine mammary epithelial cells.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Evolving dynamics of H5Nx avian influenza in China revealed by long-term wild bird surveillance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Standing HA phenotypic breadth shapes H5N1 cross-host potential.Research square · 2026Article
- Predicting high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 susceptibility in wild birds.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Population immunity to clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 is dominated by anti-neuraminidase antibodies.mBio · 2026Article
- Rapid phylogenomic analysis for viral surveillance and metagenomic profiling with Omni2Tree.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Emergence of D1.1 reassortant H5N1 avian influenza viruses in North America.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Predicting highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreak risk using extreme weather and bird migration data in machine learning models.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Assessing HPAI-H5 transmission risk across wild bird migratory flyways in the United States.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since late 2021, a panzootic of highly pathogenic H5N1 has devastated wild birds, agriculture and mammals. Here an analysis of 1,818 haemagglutinin sequences from wild birds, domestic birds and mammals reveals that the North American panzootic was driven by around nine introductions into the Atlantic and Pacific flyways, followed by rapid dissemination through wild, migratory birds. Transmission was primarily driven by Anseriformes, while non-canonical species acted as dead-end hosts. In contrast to the epizootic of 2015 (refs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.