ArticleTAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik2025
Breeding progress of grain and forage maize in long-term variety trials compared to on-farm yield development.
Article in TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
key messageYield gaps between variety trials and on-farm yields show diverging trends for grain versus forage maize in Germany in 1987-2023. The yield gap between variety trials and on-farm reduced for grain yield from 30% (1987) to 23% (2023), while for forage maize dry matter yield increased from 15% (1987) to 32% (2023). In variety trials during the same period starch yield in forage maize showed a moderate increase of 14%, while digestibility and starch content did not change over time. N use efficiency in variety trials was improved by 35%, 27% and 18% for grain, dry matter and starch yield, respectively, while N yield in dry matter did not change over time. Maize cultivation increased significantly in Germany over the past 25 years. With a share of over 20% of arable land, maize has become the second most important crop after wheat, primarily due to the growing demand for biogas production. Based on long-term variety trials for grain and forage maize, we quantified breeding progress applying mixed linear models extended by linear and nonlinear regression terms to estimate time trends between 1987 and 2023. Grain yield increased by 33.4 dt ha
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