Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41224904›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Spatial and contextual factors influencing injury patterns and severity resulting from the 2020 Beirut blast.

Samar Al-Hajj, Jack Denny, Hiam Fakhereddine, Hadi Knaiber, Hussein Kalash, Sarah Cherri, Nesrine Ahmad, Antoine Chami, Afif Mufarrij

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Samar Al-Hajj *Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Van Dyck Hall, Riad El-Solh, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon. sh137@aub.edu.lb.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4736-021X
Jack Denny *Department of Civil, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. Jack.Denny@soton.ac.uk.
Hiam FakhereddineFaculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Hadi KnaiberSuliman S. Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Hussein KalashDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Sarah CherriMiddle East and North Africa Program for Advanced Injury Research (MENA PAIR), Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Nesrine AhmadMiddle East and North Africa Program for Advanced Injury Research (MENA PAIR), Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Antoine ChamiDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Notre Dame Maritime Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon.
Afif MufarrijEmergency Department, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This cross-sectional study investigated the factors influencing injury characteristics and outcomes following the 2020 Beirut Blast. Blast victims (n = 310) were identified from hospital registries in Beirut. Soft tissue injuries predominated (N = 276; 88.2%), with most patients struck by objects (N = 261, 84.2%). Minor injuries were common (70.3%), with significant associations noted for eye and internal injuries. Victims were primarily situated 500-1700 m from the blast epicentre (71%), indoors (81%), often in residential dwellings (48%), near windows. Severe injuries, especially musculoskeletal, were more frequent outdoors. Significant associations were found between indoor positioning facing the port and soft tissue injury incidence, and with proximity to windows. A standing posture significantly correlated with musculoskeletal and soft tissue injuries, as well as being struck by objects. A cluster of severe injuries was noted at 600-1400 m radial distance from the blast epicentre. The study underscores the role of spatial and contextual factors in injury patterns post-blast, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions for disaster preparedness and urban resilience to mitigate the impact of future similar events on affected populations.

Indexed as

Blast InjuriesAdolescentAdultChildCross-Sectional StudiesExplosionsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBeirut blastBlast injuryDisasterForensic analysisPublic health

Identifiers

PMID41224904
PMCPMC12612145

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.