Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41224837›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Association of cesarean section with asthma and atopic dermatitis in infants from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Hajime Maeda, Koichi Hashimoto, Hajime Iwasa, Hyo Kyozuka, Hayato Go, Akiko Sato, Yuka Ogata, Tsuyoshi Murata, Keiya Fujimori, Kosei Shinoki and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Hajime MaedaDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan. hmaeda@fmu.ac.jp.
Koichi HashimotoDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
Hajime IwasaDepartment of Public Health, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Hyo KyozukaFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Hayato GoDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
Akiko SatoFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Yuka OgataFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Tsuyoshi MurataFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Keiya FujimoriFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Kosei ShinokiFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Hidekazu NishigoriFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Seiji YasumuraFukushima Regional Center for the Japan Environmental and Children's Study, Fukushima, Japan.
Mitsuaki HosoyaDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recently, the rates of allergic diseases and cesarean delivery have increased worldwide. Some reports describe associations between allergic diseases and cesarean delivery. However, the association between allergic diseases and cesarean delivery is controversial. In this study, we investigated the association between cesarean delivery and the development of wheezing and eczema among infants at 1 year of age. We used data including those of 104,065 fetal records and their children from the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Information about the mode of delivery, wheezing, eczema, asthma, and atopic dermatitis was obtained from medical record transcripts and questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risks of wheezing, eczema, asthma, and atopic dermatitis among infants at 1 year of age associated with cesarean delivery. We included 74,639 subjects in this study, wherein 18.4% underwent cesarean deliveries. Children born by cesarean delivery had no increased odds of developing wheezing (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.98; 95% confidence intervals [CI, 0.93-1.04], eczema (aOR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94-1.05), asthma (aOR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.84-1.08), or atopic dermatitis (aOR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.92-1.13).

Indexed as

AsthmaCesarean SectionDermatitis, AtopicEczemaFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornJapanMalePregnancyRespiratory SoundsRisk FactorsAsthmaAtopic dermatitisCesarean deliveryEczemaWheezing

Identifiers

PMID41224837
PMCPMC12612077

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.