Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41224788›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Circulation of Salmonella spp. between humans, animals and the environment in animal-owning households in Malawi.

Catherine N Wilson, Patrick Musicha, Mathew A Beale, Yohane Diness, Oscar Kanjerwa, Chifundo Salifu, Zefaniah Katuah, Patricia Duncan, John Nyangu, Andrew Mungu and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Persistence of non-typhoidalFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Catherine N WilsonInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. cnw25@cam.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-3081
Patrick MusichaMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7780-2173
Mathew A BealeWellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4740-3187
Yohane DinessMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Oscar KanjerwaMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Chifundo SalifuMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Zefaniah KatuahMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Patricia DuncanDepartment of Animal Heath and Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Blantyre, Malawi.
John NyanguDepartment of Animal Heath and Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Blantyre, Malawi.
Andrew MunguDepartment of Animal Heath and Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security, Blantyre, Malawi.
Muonaouza DelezaLilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bunda, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Lawrence BandaLilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bunda, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Lumbani MakhazaMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.
Nicola ElvissUK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Christopher P JewellSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Gina PinchbeckInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Nicholas A FeaseyMalawi Liverpool Wellcome Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-1405
Eric M Fèvre *Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. eric.fevre@liverpool.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8931-4986
Nicholas R Thomson *Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-8505

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 108413/A/15/D
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diverse salmonellae have the potential to cause disease and may be carried asymptomatically within the intestine of many vertebrate species. The relative contribution of human, animal, and environmental hosts to the transmission of Salmonella is unknown within and between households in low-income settings, especially where humans and animals may live in close contact and sanitary infrastructure is often inadequate. Between November 2018 and December 2019, we isolated Salmonella spp. from thirty households in urban and rural locations in Malawi, sampling at three time points from the stool of humans, animals, and their household environment. Using whole genome sequencing and fine-resolution bioinformatic and phylogenetic analyses we found evidence of sharing of Salmonella species and strains between humans, animals and the environment, both within and between households. The intricate web of interconnected salmonellae within this ecosystem underscores the importance of adopting a multi-faceted 'One Health' strategy when considering control of Salmonella in low-intensity agricultural systems.

Indexed as

SalmonellaSalmonella InfectionsSalmonella Infections, AnimalAnimalsFamily CharacteristicsFecesHumansMalawiPhylogenyWhole Genome Sequencing

Identifiers

PMID41224788
PMCPMC12612273

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.