ArticleNature communications2025
Halftone-encoded 4D printing of stimulus-reconfigurable binary domains for cephalopod-inspired synthetic smart skins.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Programmable Sequential 4D Actuation in Multistable Kirigami Metamaterials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Cephalopods exhibit versatile control over their optical appearance, texture, and shape for adaptive camouflage and signaling. Achieving such multi-feature dynamic control in synthetic materials remains a significant challenge. Here, we introduce a halftone-encoded 4D printing method that enables simultaneous and programmable control over optical appearance, mechanical properties, surface texture, and shape transformation within a single smart hydrogel film in response to various external stimuli (e.g., temperature, solvents, and mechanical stress)-a capability beyond existing synthetic materials. By encoding halftone binary patterns composed of highly crosslinked ("1") and lightly crosslinked ("0") domains, we spatially regulate localized polymer-solvent interactions and microstructural heterogeneities. The interplay, arrangement, and integration of these binary domains collectively dictate macroscale multifunctionality within a single material system. This binary encoding approach offers a simple yet powerful platform for designing multifunctional synthetic materials with complex, reconfigurable behaviors, unlocking opportunities in soft robotics, adaptive surface engineering, and secure information storage.
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Registered trials
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