Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41223250›Full record

ArticleScience translational medicine2025

Epstein-Barr virus reprograms autoreactive B cells as antigen-presenting cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Shady Younis, Salvinaz I Moutusy, Sajede Rasouli, Shaghayegh Jahanbani, Mahesh Pandit, Xiaohao Wu, Suman Acharya, Orr Sharpe, Tilini U Wijeratne, Marlayna L Harris and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Sex-dependent mechanisms in rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. "Home": How Immune Cells Enter the Central Nervous System.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. A tonsil organoid model reveals Epstein-Barr virus-infected germinal center B cell states during primary infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Human CD21Journal of human immunity · 2026
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Shady YounisDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4319-1738
Salvinaz I MoutusyDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-7206-2185
Sajede RasouliDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9235-0336
Shaghayegh JahanbaniDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7789-4856
Mahesh PanditDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-9111-444X
Xiaohao WuDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Suman AcharyaDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Orr SharpeDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1986-7555
Tilini U WijeratneDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4534-036X
Marlayna L HarrisDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Emily Y YangDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6028-2455
Yashaar ChaichianDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2231-3900
Shima ParsafarDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Matthew C BakerDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0002-1907
John B HarleyResearch Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
Eric MeffreDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Lawrence SteinmanDepartment of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2437-2250
Ann Marshak-RothsteinDepartment of Medicine, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2136-8130
Judith A JamesArthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9574-7355
Olivia M MartinezDepartment of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2798-0251
Paul J UtzDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1181-1565
Dana E OrangeRockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9859-7199
Tobias V LanzDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7106-8801
William H RobinsonDivision of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4385-704X

Funding

HLA GENE COMPLEMENTATION IN PRIMARY SJOGREN'S AND LUPUSR01AI024717 · NIAID · OKLAHOMA MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION · PI KOTTYAN, LEAH CLAIRE, WEIRAUCH, MATTHEW TYSON · 1987 to 2025
$7.8M
Investigating Mucosal Breaks in the Initiation and Progression of Rheumatoid ArthritisR01AR078268 · NIAMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ORANGE, DANA ELIZABETH, ROBINSON, WILLIAM H · 2021 to 2025
$3.1M
Deciphering the Role of Epstein-Barr Virus Molecular Mimicry and B cell Transformation in Multiple SclerosisR01AI173189 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Tobias Volker Lanz, William H Robinson · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
BLRD VA I01 BX006254NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI024717NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI173189NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR078268
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been epidemiologically associated with SLE, yet its role in pathogenesis remains incompletely defined. Here, we developed an EBV-specific single-cell RNA-sequencing platform and used it to demonstrate that EBV infection reprograms autoreactive antinuclear antigen B cells to drive autoimmunity in SLE. We demonstrated that, in SLE, EBV

Indexed as

Antigen-Presenting CellsB-LymphocytesCellular ReprogrammingHerpesvirus 4, HumanLupus Erythematosus, SystemicAutoimmunityEpstein-Barr Virus InfectionsEpstein-Barr Virus Nuclear AntigensFemaleHumansSingle-Cell AnalysisT-Box Domain ProteinsZinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear AntigensT-Box Domain ProteinsZinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 2

Identifiers

PMID41223250
PMCPMC12740198

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.