ArticleGenetica2025
Comparative plastomes and phylogenetic relationships of Breynia, Glochidion, Phyllanthus, Sauropus, and Synostemon from plastomes and ITS.
Article in Genetica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Comprehensive analysis of the chloroplast genome structure and phylogeny ofMitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phylogenomic approaches effectively minimize topological incongruences caused by heterogeneous gene evolutionary rates among lineages. The taxonomic status of Breynia, Glochidion, Synostemon, and Sauropus-whether they should be merged into Phyllanthus or retain their separate generic status-remains controversial. Moreover, these taxonomic revisions lack evidences from phylogenomic evidence. In this study, we assembled the first complete plastid genomes of Breynia disticha, Glochidion eriocarpum, G. hirsutum, G. lanceolarium, Phyllanthus fluitans, Sauropus androgynus, and Synostemon bacciformis to elucidate plastome evolutionary dynamics and resolve phylogenetic relationships among these five genera. The plastomes ranged in size from 152,927 to 157,460 bp, encoding a conserved set of 78 protein-coding genes, 35-36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, totaling 117-118 unique genes. Notably, 12 novel tRNA secondary structures were identified, potentially linked to lineage-specific adaptations. Structural variation at the LSC/IRb boundary, driven by IRb expansion-contraction dynamics, resulted in significant gene length and content heterogeneity. Divergence hotspot analyses identified petA-psbJ, rpl22, ndhF-rpl32, and ycf1 as hypervariable loci suitable for DNA barcoding applications. Positive selection signals were detected in five genes (ndhB, rpl33, rps15, ycf2, ycf4), suggesting their critical roles in environmental adaptation. Phylogenomic discordance between plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) datasets was pervasive across Breynia, Glochidion, Phyllanthus, Sauropus, and Synostemon, likely attributable to historical hybridization or chloroplast capture events. Given that the intergeneric boundaries among Breynia, Glochidion, Phyllanthus s.s., Sauropus, and Synostemon are obscure and that extensive cytonuclear discordance exists, we recommend accepting a broad circumscription of Phyllanthus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.