ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2026
HIV-1 drug resistance among pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and its association with paediatric HIV infections in the Dolutegravir era in Uganda.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance mutations among pregnant and breastfeeding women in Uganda following the rollout of dolutegravir, characterize circulating HIV-1 subtypes and their association with resistance, and identify factors associated with vertical HIV transmission. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis study involved 46 pregnant and 154 breastfeeding mothers in Uganda with viral loads (VLs) >1000 copies/mL. Residual plasma underwent genotypic resistance testing on the Illumina MiSeq platform, and HIVDRMs and subtypes were interpreted using the Stanford HIVdb algorithm. Participant characteristics were summarized descriptively, and associations between subtypes, HIVDRMs, and vertical transmission were assessed using chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression.
resultsAmong 200 participants, 53.0% (95% CI: 46.0-59.9) had resistance to at least one antiretroviral therapy (ART) class. HIVDRM prevalence was 41.5% (CI: 34.8-48.5) for NNRTIs, 20.5% (CI: 15.4-26.7) for NRTIs, 4.0% (CI: 2.0-7.8) for PIs and 3.5% (CI: 1.7-7.2) for INSTIs. Notably, 13.5% had accessory mutations, including T97A, which can contribute to DTG resistance. HIV-1 subtypes A (57.0%) and D (30.5%) were most common, with few subtype C (6.5%) and recombinant forms (6.0%). Subtype D and routine/repeat VL monitoring following intensive adherence counselling were associated with HIVDRMs (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04 respectively). Seven infants tested HIV-1 positive, with poor maternal adherence and repeat VL significantly associated with seropositivity (P = 0.004 and P = 0.027, respectively).
conclusionThis high HIVDRM burden highlights the urgent need for routine resistance testing, subtype-specific treatment strategies and improved ART adherence support to reduce mother-to-child-transmission, particularly in women with subtype D infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.