Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41221678›Full record

ArticleAPMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica2025

Saliva and Anterior Nasal Samples for Detecting Respiratory Viruses in Children.

Anu Haaramo, Anu Jääskeläinen, Anne Pitkäranta, Mikael Kuitunen, Enni Sanmark, Johanna Nokso-Koivisto

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Saliva and Anterior Nasal Samples for Detecting Respiratory Viruses in Children.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Anu HaaramoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1179-8826
Anu JääskeläinenHUS Diagnostic Center, Clinical Microbiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Anne PitkärantaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO, Finland.
Mikael KuitunenNew Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO, Finland.
Enni SanmarkDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO, Finland.
Johanna Nokso-KoivistoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, PO, Finland.

Funding

Business Finland
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For detecting respiratory viruses, a nasopharyngeal swab sample for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays has been the benchmark. Less discomfort related to sampling is requested especially for children, and thus other sample types have been suggested. We examined anterior nasal samples and saliva samples of 59 pediatric patients with respiratory symptoms and compared the results to nasopharyngeal swab samples. The collection of saliva and anterior nasal samples was tolerated better than nasopharyngeal samples in children. Anterior nasal samples were more accurate than saliva samples in detecting respiratory viruses by a multiplex respiratory panel compared to a reference test (nasopharyngeal swab sample by fourplex PCR), and it seems to be a feasible sample type for detecting respiratory viruses with PCR tests in children with respiratory symptoms.

Indexed as

NasopharynxRespiratory Tract InfectionsSalivaSpecimen HandlingVirus DiseasesVirusesAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMalePolymerase Chain Reactionanterior nasalCOVID‐19NPSPCRsalivaswabvirus diagnostics

Identifiers

PMID41221678
PMCPMC12606524

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.