SynthesisFrontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland)2025
Effectiveness of medical ozone injections into the intervertebral disc on relieving lumbosacral pain-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of ozone with steroid injection therapy in lumbar disc herniation: meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Ozone Therapy as a Redox-Modulating Strategy in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Clinical-Mechanistic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Shoulder Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of medical ozone injections into the intervertebral disc on relieving lumbosacral pain. through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2010 and January 2025. The study was registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023417837). Primary clinical outcomes included pain reduction assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and functional improvement assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4. Results: Eight RCTs involving 1,744 patients were included. Among them, 903 people received medical ozone injections into the intervertebral discs, while 841 people received other forms of treatment. Meta-analysis showed that medical ozone injections significantly reduced VAS scores (mean difference = -2.13, 95% CI: -2.33 to -1.93, Conclusions: Ozone injection into the intervertebral discs is an effective non-invasive treatment method, which can effectively relieve pain in the lumbar and sacral regions, especially showing significant effects in the short term. However, Further long-term studies are warranted to evaluate the durability of clinical benefits. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023417837, PROSPERO CRD42023417837.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.