Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41221303›Full record

ReviewForensic sciences research2025

Green clues: unveiling the role of bryophytes in forensic science.

Jenna Merkel, Matt von Konrat, Lloyd R Stark, Andrew Laurence, Laura Briscoe, Becky Collings, Peter Carrington, Danny Kreider, Juan Larraín, Alan Lichamer and 5 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Forensic sciences research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jenna MerkelDepartment of Forensic Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Matt von KonratBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9579-5325
Lloyd R StarkSchool of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV.
Andrew LaurenceU.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security, Chicago, IL.
Laura BriscoeBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Becky CollingsBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Peter CarringtonW. J. Beal Botanical Garden, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Danny KreiderBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Juan LarraínBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Alan LichamerBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Gary MerrillBotanical Collections, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL.
Anton ReznicekCentro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
R Jan StevensonDepartment of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
Frank W TelewskiDepartment of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
J B WellsLudington Police Department, Ludington, MI.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Forensic botany is the use of plant material as evidence to aid in forensic investigations. Bryology is the study of bryophytes, which consist of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Botanical evidence as a whole, and more specifically potential bryophyte evidence, is an underused potential tool that can provide crucial information in criminal investigations. This paper (i) outlines a review of all bryophyte applications to forensic science, to the best of our knowledge, (ii) demonstrates the potential of using this type of evidence, (iii) presents details into each case, and (iv) highlights the various uses of bryophytes as forensic evidence. From our review, all cases have seemingly been limited to mosses. The overarching goal is for this review to be a resource that encourages law enforcement to search for plant fragments and microscopic bryophytes. Key PointsBryophytes are an underutilized potential tool within forensic science.Bryophytes are ubiquitous as well as have a number of unique features and can be found in almost every environment around the world.Many reported and published case reports exemplify the numerous applications for bryophytes and other botanical evidence within forensic science.

Indexed as

bryophytesforensic botanyforensic bryologyforensic sciencesmosses

Identifiers

PMID41221303
PMCPMC12598279

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.