Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41221152›Full record

ReviewCancer innovation2025

Metronomic Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: Unleashing the Potential of Combination Regimens.

Jiaxuan Liu, Hongnan Mo, Qiao Li, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Fei Ma

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer innovation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jiaxuan LiuDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7673-3406
Hongnan MoDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2887-7985
Qiao LiDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4547-1266
Marina Elena CazzanigaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery University of Milano-Bicocca Monza Italy.
Fei MaDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9432-1902

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review examines the future of metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) in the treatment of breast cancer and emphasizes its transformative potential. MCT refers to the continuous administration of a low dose of chemotherapeutic agents. It reduces toxicity, improves the quality of life, and demonstrates antitumor effects through multiple mechanisms. Although used as a stand-alone treatment for breast cancer, MCT has been combined with other therapies in recent years to further enhance its antitumor efficacy through mechanisms such as direct cytotoxicity, anti-angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. The findings of recent studies emphasize the benefits of MCT in combination with immunotherapy, endocrine therapy, and targeted therapies such as anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and anti-angiogenesis agents. Clinical trials on optimizing MCT regimens are underway. MCT is a promising approach that can revolutionize breast cancer treatment by improving patient outcomes and shifting cancer care toward a chronic disease model.

Indexed as

angiogenesis inhibitorsantineoplastic combined chemotherapy protocolsbreast neoplasmsimmunotherapymetronomic chemotherapytumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41221152
PMCPMC12602094

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.