ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025
Supersonic gas curtain based ionization beam profile monitor for FLASH proton beam therapy.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: FLASH Proton Beam Therapy (FLASH-PBT) combines the precision targeting ability of proton beam with radiobiological advantage of FLASH effect at ultra-high dose rates ( Methods: The SGC-IPM uses a supersonic gas jet shaped into a curtain to measure the 2D transverse profile of the beam. Initial tests of the device was conducted on a DC Pelletron accelerator at Dalton Cumbrian Facility (DCF), Whitehaven, UK, followed by later tests on MC40 cyclotron at the University of Birmingham (UoB), UK. Across both the experiments, the device was directly coupled to the vacuum side of the beamlines and beam profiles were recorded for protons at energies ranging from 4-28 MeV and currents ranging from 1-100 nA, with various beam sizes and shapes. Results: The SGC-IPM successfully measured beam profiles and demonstrated a linear response to beam currents across the measurement range, and its response at different energies was quantified by introducing an energy-dependent detection factor, Discussions: A mathematical model is introduced to show that device's response depends on particle fluence, a quantity independent of dose rate. It's linear response to beam current is used to extrapolate measurements at conventional dose rates to assess its performance at FLASH dose rates. The performance is evaluated in terms of threshold dose required to measure beam profile for a standard 1-liter clinical volume positioned 15-20 cm deep in water. Conclusion: This study presents a viable solution for non-invasive proton beam profile monitoring for FLASH-PBT. The device shows a linear response to beam current within the measurement range. The mathematical model quantifies the device's sensitivity and provides a means to calibrate it for dose estimation.
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