ArticleDementia and neurocognitive disorders2025
Effects of a 12-Week Hybrid Analog-Digital Cognitive Training on Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults: A Pilot Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Dementia and neurocognitive disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Global population aging heightens concern about cognitive decline, underscoring the need for scalable interventions. While computerized cognitive training offers benefits, many seniors face device-related challenges that limit adherence, and facility-based programs pose logistical barriers. To address these, we evaluated a 12-week home-based Hybrid Analog-Digital Cognitive Training (HCT) program, which paired a sensor-embedded, pressure-sensitive paper workbook with a Bluetooth-linked television, to enhance usability and engagement among cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Methods: In this single-blind, randomized controlled trial, 66 CU adults aged ≥60 years were allocated to HCT or control (each n=33) groups. Participants had literacy and Korean Mini-Mental State Examination scores above -1.5 standard deviation. The HCT group performed 30-minute sessions 5 times weekly for 12 weeks, while controls continued usual activities. Primary outcomes were changes in composite Z-scores for frontal, attention, and memory domains, derived from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery. Z-scores were direction-weighted and aggregated by domain. Between-group differences were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. After 12 weeks, the HCT group showed a significant group × visit interaction in the frontal domain (estimate, 0.29; standard error, 0.13; Conclusions: A home-based HCT program improved frontal executive function in CU older adults. The hybrid analog-digital design may help reduce digital barriers, support usability, and foster sustained participation. Larger trials with active controls, modality-specific comparators, and extended follow-up are warranted to confirm benefits and optimize delivery. Trial Registration: Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0007922.
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