ArticleInternational journal of genomics2025
Genetic Insights Into the Relationship Between Menstrual Factors and Site-/Age-Specific Bone Mineral Density.
Article in International journal of genomics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Genetic Insights Into the Relationship Between Menstrual Factors and Site-/Age-Specific Bone Mineral Density.International journal of genomics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Backgrounds: Observational studies have suggested possible links between reproductive factors and bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis (OP), but the causal impact of menstrual factors on BMD remains obscure. Objectives: This study is aimed at inferring causal associations between key menstrual factors and site-/age-specific BMD. Methods: Genetic variants associated with age at menarche (AAM), last menstrual period (LMP), and length of menstrual cycle (LMC) were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The site-/age-specific BMD genetic data were derived from the Genetic Factors for OP Consortium (GEFOS). Causal associations were evaluated using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and a multivariable MR (MVMR) model. Results: LMP was causally associated with increased estimated heel BMD (eBMD) (beta = 0.055; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.089; Conclusions: Our study observes the causal effects of LMP and LMC on BMD, with variations across anatomical sites and age groups. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between menstrual factors and bone health, providing evidence to inform targeted prevention strategies for OP.
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