ArticleJMA journal2025
Evaluation of Salt Intake Levels and Related Factors in Individuals who Underwent a Specific Health Examination: The LIFE Study.
Article in JMA journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: High salt intake has been linked to various diseases. However, measuring an individual's salt intake level may be challenging. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of individuals with high salt intake using a salt intake check sheet. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Longevity Improvement & Fair Evidence (LIFE) Study. Participants were individuals who underwent a specific medical examination between April 2023 and March 2024 and also completed a salt intake check sheet. Individuals with missing data from the health examinations or the salt intake check sheet were excluded from the study. Individuals taking antihypertensives were also excluded.Exposure factors were defined as participant sex, age range (40-64 and 65-74 years old), smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, body mass index (BMI; <25 kg/m Results: This study comprised 5,157 participants, with 3,745 in the low salt intake group (72.6%) and 1,412 in the high salt intake group (27.4%). Results from the modified Poisson regression analysis conducted to evaluate the correlation between individual salt intake levels and exposure factors showed statistically significant correlations between the following factors and high salt intake: smoking (relative risk [RR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-1.50, p < 0.001); alcohol consumption (RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09-1.30, p < 0.001); and BMI >25 kg/m Conclusions: The results of this study showed that smoking, alcohol consumption, and having a BMI of ≥25 kg/m
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