Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41219751›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2025

Infection control competency in surgical settings among clinical medical students in Sudan: a cross sectional study.

Maria Badraldin Ali, Ahmad Mohammad Al Zamel, Ola Hatim Elniema, Hala Fathi EmamElkhir Omer, Tawasul Abdelhalim Ibrahim Bilal, Tanzeel Abdullateef Modawi, Qabbas Hani Eltahir, Aiat Osama Elmabrouk Hassan, Amjed Abdel Al, Sami Fatehi Abdalla and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Maria Badraldin AliFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Neelain University, P.O. Box 11111, Khartoum, 12217, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-7935-2617
Ahmad Mohammad Al ZamelFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Neelain University, P.O. Box 11111, Khartoum, 12217, Sudan. ahmadzamel33@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8796-6403
Ola Hatim ElniemaFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3469-1386
Hala Fathi EmamElkhir OmerFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Neelain University, P.O. Box 11111, Khartoum, 12217, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9647-9703
Tawasul Abdelhalim Ibrahim BilalFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Neelain University, P.O. Box 11111, Khartoum, 12217, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-8436-6733
Tanzeel Abdullateef ModawiFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-5546-9209
Qabbas Hani EltahirFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0661-6393
Aiat Osama Elmabrouk HassanFaculty of Medicine and Surgery, Omdurman Islamic university, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3483-6343
Amjed Abdel AlDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Arizona, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-1691-8990
Sami Fatehi AbdallaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-8376
Ali Awadallah SaeedPharmacy Program, Napata College, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-4825

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSurgical site infections (SSIs) pose a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, with a disproportionately higher impact in low- and middle-income countries. Medical clinical students are actively involved in patient care and thus play a vital role in implementing infection prevention protocols. However, deficiencies in their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding infection control may undermine patient safety and surgical outcomes. This study aimed to assess the KAP of clinical medical students in Sudan concerning infection control measures in surgical settings and to explore perceived barriers and potential strategies for improvement.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 clinical medical students from 13 Sudanese universities between November 2024 and February 2025. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered online questionnaire covering demographic data, KAP components and contextual barriers. Scores were categorized into poor, moderate or good levels. Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to assess the differences in KAP scores across demographic variables.

resultsMost students demonstrated moderate knowledge (73.8%) and practices (50.2%) regarding infection control while 43.8% exhibited a neutral attitude. Notably, Only 28.8% of participants had received formal infection control training. Significant knowledge gaps were observed in hand hygiene duration, personal protective equipment (PPE) sequencing and sterile field management. The most reported barriers were limited supplies (70%) and insufficient training (69.3%). Interestingly, students who had not completed a surgical rotation had significantly higher attitude scores toward infection control compared to those who had (p = 0.008).

conclusionSudanese medical students demonstrate moderate awareness and practice regarding infection control in surgical settings, with notable gaps in training and resource availability. Targeted educational interventions, enhanced supervision, and improved access to infection control supplies are critical to strengthening adherence and promoting safer clinical environments.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeInfection ControlStudents, MedicalSurgical Wound InfectionAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSudanSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultConflictInfection controlKnowledgeMedical studentsSudanSurgical training

Identifiers

PMID41219751
PMCPMC12607221

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.