Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41219484›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2025

Multimodal learning enables chat-based exploration of single-cell data.

Moritz Schaefer, Peter Peneder, Daniel Malzl, Salvo Danilo Lombardo, Mihaela Peycheva, Jake Burton, Anna Hakobyan, Varun Sharma, Thomas Krausgruber, Celine Sin and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Single-cell insights into plant growth, adaptation, and evolution.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. NanoCortex: A Unified Agentic System for Nanopore Sequencing Analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Scaling Large Language Models for Next-Generation Single-Cell Analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Moritz Schaefer *Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science (CEDAS), Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6489-1947
Peter Peneder *St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3561-4489
Daniel MalzlCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Salvo Danilo LombardoCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Mihaela PeychevaCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-0637
Jake BurtonMedical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science (CEDAS), Vienna, Austria.
Anna HakobyanSt. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.
Varun SharmaMedical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science (CEDAS), Vienna, Austria.
Thomas KrausgruberMedical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science (CEDAS), Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-0329
Celine SinCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Jörg MencheCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Eleni M TomazouSt. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7497-4567
Christoph BockMedical University of Vienna, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science (CEDAS), Vienna, Austria. cbock@cemm.oeaw.ac.at.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6091-3088

Funding

Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung) F7001EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 101001971EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 101087883Vienna Science and Technology Fund (Wiener Wissenschafts-, Forschungs- und Technologiefonds) LS18-049Vienna Science and Technology Fund (Wiener Wissenschafts-, Forschungs- und Technologiefonds) LS20-045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Single-cell sequencing characterizes biological samples at unprecedented scale and detail, but data interpretation remains challenging. Here, we present CellWhisperer, an artificial intelligence (AI) model and software tool for chat-based interrogation of gene expression. We establish a multimodal embedding of transcriptomes and their textual annotations, using contrastive learning on 1 million RNA sequencing profiles with AI-curated descriptions. This embedding informs a large language model that answers user-provided questions about cells and genes in natural-language chats. We benchmark CellWhisperer's performance for zero-shot prediction of cell types and other biological annotations and demonstrate its use for biological discovery in a meta-analysis of human embryonic development. We integrate a CellWhisperer chat box with the CELLxGENE browser, allowing users to interactively explore gene expression through a combined graphical and chat interface. In summary, CellWhisperer leverages large community-scale data repositories to connect transcriptomes and text, thereby enabling interactive exploration of single-cell RNA-sequencing data with natural-language chats.

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.