Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41218020›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Effects of embedded acceptance and commitment training in veterinary medical and technology programs as students transition into the workforce: A study protocol.

Mary Beth Spitznagel, John Martin, Nikki E Bennett, Christopher Was, Christopher M Fulkerson, Jim Weisman, Luca Giori, Erin Kelly-Snyder, Alanna S G Updegraff, Michael P Twohig and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mary Beth SpitznagelDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4314-1252
John MartinDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America.
Nikki E BennettDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1134-8048
Christopher WasDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America.
Christopher M FulkersonCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West LaFayette, Indianna, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4201-821X
Jim WeismanCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West LaFayette, Indianna, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4366-150X
Luca GioriCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Erin Kelly-SnyderVeterinary Technology Program, Columbus State Community College, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
Alanna S G UpdegraffDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America.
Michael P TwohigDepartment of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.
Michael E LevinDepartment of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.

Funding

NIOSH CDC HHS R01 OH012580
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Psychological distress is elevated in the field of veterinary medicine. Recent evidence demonstrates that stress and burnout in veterinary workers can be reduced through an Acceptance and Commitment Training intervention targeting "burden transfer," or reactivity to challenging interactions with veterinary clients ("Unburdened"). Exposing students to Unburdened could optimize mental health outcomes as they transition into the veterinary workforce. Unburdened will be adapted for student use in a self-guided digital format and embedded into 5 veterinary medical or technology programs. Participants will be 200 advanced students recruited into a parallel-arms design: assessment-only Control versus Intervention (<2 hour Unburdened intervention embedded into final semester requirements) conditions. Online assessments at baseline, program completion (1 month), and follow-up (3, 6, 9, 12 months) will measure Kirkpatrick outcomes: Reaction (engagement, perception of the program), Learning (knowledge test performance), Behavior (skill use frequency), and Results (burden transfer, stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression). Latent growth curve modeling will compare conditions throughout the year following graduation. Institutional Review Board approval has been obtained. Informed consent is electronically granted by students electing to participate. A safety officer unconnected to the study will monitor study progress and safety. Pending positive outcomes, this ready-to-share program will be made available to training programs. If successful, its routine adoption into training curricula could decrease burden transfer, stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression in the field. Ultimately, the proposed work could provide a scalable and sustainable strategy to enhance mental health and well-being across the veterinary workforce. Study registration: The trial to evaluate Unburdened's potential impact on mental health is considered observational, as the involved educational institutions chose to implement the program for its educational value. Details can be found in NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/search/FhAMx6slrEautC8YKesk0Q/project-details/10980628. This study is registered with the Open Science Framework, where data will ultimately be made available: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QEAKM.

Indexed as

Acceptance and Commitment TherapyEducation, VeterinaryStudentsBurnout, ProfessionalFemaleHumansMale

Identifiers

PMID41218020
PMCPMC12604770

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.