ArticleTropical animal health and production2025
Evaluating slow-release urea as a replacement for soybean meal in Awassi lamb diets: effects on growth performance, digestibility, and rumen fermentation.
Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This experiment examined the effect of replacing soybean meal with slow-release urea (SRU) on growth, nutrient digestion, and rumen fermentation in twenty-eight Awassi lambs over 75 days. The lambs were 4 to 5 months old and initially weighed close to about 25 kg. They were randomly distributed into four groups receiving varying levels of SRU: 0.00%, 0.50%, 1.00%, and 1.63% on a dry matter basis (n = 7 per treatment). The lambs were kept and fed separately in pens to closely monitor their intake of feed. The diets contained a hay-to-concentrate ratio of 28:62 and contained 1.9 Mcal of gross energy and 100 g of crude protein per kg of DM, and were fed three times a day to demand. Growth and intake data were recorded weekly. A digestibility test was conducted on three animals within each treatment between days 65 and 72, and all their feces were collected. Rumen fluid was sampled at 0, 3, and 6 h post-feeding to analyze pH, ammonia (NH₃), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by using gas chromatography. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA to analyze growth and digestibility and repeated-measures ANOVA to analyze rumen fermentation using Tukey's post-hoc test to make comparisons. A significance level of P ≤ 0.05 was set. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences between treatments for dry matter intake, weight gain, and nutrient digestion. Rumen pH and NH₃ concentrations were not influenced by diet (P > 0.05), but a significant effect was observed with respect to diet (pH and NH₃: pH: p < 0.001; NH₃: p < 0.001), with pH decreasing and NH₃ increasing following intake. Total VFAs were significantly different between diets (P < 0.01), and highest and lowest were found, respectively, in the control and highest SRU dietary groups; acetate and propionate were different (P < 0.05) between diets. The acetate: propionate ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by diet. The results indicate that SRU can replace soybean meal without compromising growth, and can regulate rumen fermentation to benefit its inclusion as a sustainable source of protein in diets of lambs.
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