Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41217644›Full record

ArticleFood and environmental virology2025

Wastewater Surveillance of Enteroviruses Potentially Associated with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Nepal.

Sunayana Raya, Made Sandhyana Angga, Sarmila Tandukar, Hari Prasad Kattel, Sangita Sharma, Eiji Haramoto

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Food and environmental virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sunayana RayaDepartment of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 4-3-11, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
Made Sandhyana AnggaDepartment of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 4-3-11, Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan.
Sarmila TandukarOrganization for Public Health and Environment Management, Jwagal, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Hari Prasad KattelDepartment of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Sangita SharmaDepartment of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Eiji HaramotoInterdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. eharamoto@yamanashi.ac.jp.

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP20H02284Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP22KK0173Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23H01536Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP23K26230
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enteroviruses (EVs), including those linked with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), are commonly transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Considering the underreporting of HFMD-associated EVs and Nepal's significant burden of enteric disease, wastewater surveillance presents a vital tool for monitoring community-level viral transmission. Through this study, we intended to detect EVs, including EVA serotypes that are often associated with HFMD, in wastewater to support public health surveillance. Raw influent wastewater samples (n = 25) collected previously during April-October 2022 from a wastewater treatment plant in Kathmandu, Nepal, were tested for the presence of EVs and four serotypes of EV type A (EVA), namely EVA71, Coxsackievirus A types 6 (CVA6), 10 (CVA10), and 16 (CVA16), by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In all samples, EVs were detected with concentrations of 7.4 ± 0.4 log

Indexed as

EnterovirusHand, Foot and Mouth DiseaseWastewaterHumansNepalSerogroupWastewaterEnterovirusEVA71Hand, foot, and mouth diseaseNepalWastewater

Identifiers

PMID41217644

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.