Observational studyClinical and experimental medicine2025
Increasing inflammatory biomarkers are associated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients despite anti-inflammatory treatment.
Observational study in Clinical and experimental medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05403359 (Optimal Dosing and Timing of Corticosteroids in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimal Dosing and Timing of Corticosteroids in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Predicting mortality in COVID-19 ARDS may support ICU clinical decision-making. Biomarkers of innate immunity, coagulation, endothelial injury, and fibroproliferation have been studied as predictors. We aimed to examine whether trends in plasma biomarkers predict ICU mortality and to explore underlying biological processes through pathway analysis. Additionally, we explored whether HDS changes biomarker trajectories in COVID-19 ARDS. In this observational study, we included patients with COVID-19 ARDS admitted to the ICU of an academic hospital in Rotterdam between February 2020 and February 2022. In repeated plasma samples, 64 biomarkers were measured. Joint modeling assessed the association between biomarker changes and ICU mortality, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and HDS. Protein-protein interaction and gene ontology enrichment analyses were performed using STRING, Cytoscape, and DAVID EASE. Biomarker trajectories were compared between HDS-treated and non-treated patients, adjusting for timing, SOFA score, and tocilizumab. One hundred and sixty-two patients were included and 43 died during ICU stay. A doubling in the values of 26 biomarkers over the next day was predictive of ICU mortality (HRs 0.16-8.56; q < 0.05). Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified 19 overrepresented biological processes (FDR ≤ 0.05), with highest fold enrichment for macrophage chemotaxis, negative regulation of bone resorption, and leukocyte cell-cell adhesion. Forty-eight patients received HDS at a median of 6 ICU days. HDS significantly changed the trajectories of four mortality-associated biomarkers: Albumin and lactoferrin decreased, while CRP and VEGF increased. In COVID-19 ARDS, repeated biomarker measurements demonstrate a systemic inflammatory state associated with mortality. HDS changed trends of several biomarkers, but did not reduce those associated with fatal outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05403359; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05403359.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.