Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41217476›Full record

ReviewAbdominal radiology (New York)2026

A comprehensive approach to the CT detection and evaluation of large adrenal masses part 2: malignant adrenal lesions and future directions.

Hajra Arshad, Satomi Kawamoto, Linda C Chu, Elliot K Fishman

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Abdominal radiology (New York), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hajra ArshadRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA. harshad1@jh.edu.
Satomi KawamotoRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Linda C ChuRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Elliot K FishmanRussell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large adrenal tumors have traditionally been associated with high risk of malignancy; however, recent studies challenge this assumption, highlighting that a significant proportion of large adrenal lesions are benign. With increasing detection of incidental adrenal lesions, there remains a clinical dilemma in their appropriate management. Malignant adrenal lesions include adrenal cortical carcinoma, lymphoma, metastasis, and rare tumors such as adrenal sarcomas. These often exhibit overlapping imaging features with benign lesions, complicating treatment planning. Therefore, accurate radiologic characterization, supported by clinical and laboratory correlation, is essential to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions while ensuring timely identification of aggressive pathology. This part two of the two-part pictorial essay focuses on the CT evaluation of malignant adrenal lesions with an emphasis on key imaging features and differential diagnosis.

Indexed as

Adrenal Gland NeoplasmsTomography, X-Ray ComputedDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansAdrenal gland neoplasmAdrenal metastasisAdrenocortical carcinomaComputed tomographyLymphomaPheochromocytoma

Identifiers

PMID41217476

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.