Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41214687›Full record

ArticleReproductive health2025

"Unintended pregnancy and attitudes towards sexual and reproductive health among young people in Benguela Province, Angola".

Esperanza Esteban, Olatz Larrea, María Gabriela Irrazabal, Alba Sánchez, Francisca Zacarias, Paula Regina Oliveira, Domingos Vita, Jackson Ceita, Carlos Pacatolo, Maria Luisa Aznar and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Reproductive health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Esperanza EstebanInternational Health Unit Vall d'Hebron-Drassanes, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119, Barcelona, 08035, Spain. Esperanza.esteban@vhir.org.
Olatz LarreaFaculty of Philology and Communication, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
María Gabriela IrrazabalRMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, 3001, Australia.
Alba SánchezDepartment of Public Health, Reproductive Health Program,, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of Equatorial Guinea, Malabo, Equatorial Guinea.
Francisca ZacariasOrganização de Interacção Comunitária (OIC), Benguela, Angola.
Paula Regina OliveiraMedicine Faculty, Katyavala Bwila University (UKB), Benguela, Angola.
Domingos VitaUniversidade Oscar Ribas, Luanda, 2850, Angola.
Jackson CeitaDirecção Nacional de Saúde Pública, Luanda, Angola.
Carlos PacatoloInstituto Superior Politécnico Jean Piaget de Benguela, Benguela, Angola.
Maria Luisa Aznar *International Health Unit Vall d'Hebron-Drassanes, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
Israel Molina *International Health Unit Vall d'Hebron-Drassanes, Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundYoung women (YW) in Angola face multiple, intersecting challenges related to sexual and reproductive health (SRH), including high rates of early and unintended pregnancy, limited access to contraception, gender-based violence (GBV), and unsafe abortion. These issues are shaped by structural inequalities, restrictive laws, stigma, and inadequate youth-friendly services. Despite the urgency, qualitative research exploring youth perspectives on SRH in Angola remains scarce.

methodsThis qualitative study was conducted in May 2023 in Benguela Province, Angola, as part of the formative phase of the [Anonymised] project. Four focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with 27 young people aged 18-25, stratified by sex and setting (urban Lobito, rural Cubal). Participants were purposively selected to ensure diversity of background and recruited through civil society networks. Discussions followed a semi-structured guide and were analysed using thematic content analysis, integrating systems thinking and Bronfenbrenner's ecological model.

resultsParticipants identified early pregnancy as the most pressing concern, frequently linked to stigma, misinformation, social pressure, and lack of confidential services. Contraceptive use was limited by fear, myths, and gender dynamics, with abortion often emerging as a stigmatized but common response to unintended pregnancy. Testimonies revealed four "Itineraries of Reality" (IR): [1] abortion as moral crime [2], clandestine abortion as escape [3], forced continuation of pregnancy, and [4] an aspirational path toward safe, legal abortion. These trajectories were embedded in two "Vulnerability Circuits" (VC): unsafe abortion and intergenerational poverty. However, two Exit Strategies (ES)-social activism and legal-health system reform-and one Empowerment Pathway (EP) linked to youth-led associations and community spaces emerged as means of resistance and resilience.

conclusionsYoung people's SRH decisions in Benguela are shaped not only by individual attitudes but by social norms, gender inequality, systemic barriers, and restrictive policies. Early motherhood often reflects constrained agency rather than choice. Addressing these issues requires expanding SRH education and services, decriminalizing abortion, and strengthening youth empowerment mechanisms. Findings support the design of rights-based, context-sensitive interventions rooted in young people's lived realities.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticePregnancy, UnplannedReproductive HealthSexual HealthAbortion, InducedAdolescentAdultAngolaContraception BehaviorFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMalePregnancyQualitative ResearchSexual BehaviorAngolaContraceptionGender normsQualitative research.Sexual and reproductive healthUnintended pregnanciesUnsafe abortionVulnerabilityYoung people

Identifiers

PMID41214687
PMCPMC12604236

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.