SynthesisBMC psychiatry2025
Risk of suicidal behaviors following sport-related and non-sport-related concussion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the strength of association between a history of concussion and the spectrum of suicidal behaviors, including Suicidal Ideation, Made a Suicide Plan, Attempted Suicide, and Death by Suicide. It also sought to provide the first direct comparison of suicide risk associated with sport-related concussion (SRC) versus non-sport-related concussion (non-SRC) and to examine the moderating role of sex.
methodsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, this study was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251074749). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases was conducted through August 2025. Observational studies reporting on the association between a history of concussion and at least one suicidal behavior outcome were included. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed based on the context of injury (SRC vs. non-SRC) and sex.
resultsA total of 18 studies, comprising 13,483,226 participants (of whom 650,465 had a history of concussion), were included. The meta-analysis revealed that a history of concussion was significantly associated with an increased risk for all suicidal behavior outcomes: Suicidal Ideation (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.20-1.52), Made a Suicide Plan (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.20-1.51), Attempted Suicide (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.43-1.94), and Death by Suicide (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.59-2.27). The strength of this association increased in a graded manner corresponding to the severity of the suicidal behavior. Subgroup analysis stratified by sex revealed that for Attempted Suicide, the risk was significantly higher in males with a history of concussion (OR = 2.03) compared to females (OR = 1.41). Furthermore, the degree of risk increase for suicidal behaviors brought by sport-related and non-sport-related concussion was comparable and both were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
conclusionConcussion, whether sport-related or non-sport-related, is a risk factor for suicidal behaviors, including Suicidal Ideation, Made a Suicide Plan, and Attempted Suicide, with comparable levels of risk for both contexts. Given the elevated risk for Attempted Suicide observed among males following a concussion, the integration of suicide risk screening and sex-specific intervention strategies into the standard of care for all patients with concussion is warranted.
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