Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41214450›Full record

SynthesisInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2025

A Systematic Review of New, Enhanced Surveillance Systems and Methodologies for Zoonotic Influenza Viruses in Animals and Human-Animal Interface.

Rebecca Badra, Wenqing Zhang, John S L Tam, Richard Webby, Sylvie Van Der Werf, Sergejs Nikisins, Ann Cullinane, Saad Gharaibeh, Richard Njouom, Malik Peiris and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rebecca BadraHuman Link DMCC, Dubai, UAE.
Wenqing ZhangWorld Health Organization HQ/WPE/EPP/GIP, Geneva, Switzerland.
John S L TamThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Richard WebbySt. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4397-7132
Sylvie Van Der WerfMolecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Sergejs NikisinsWorld Health Organization HQ/WPE/EPP/GIP, Geneva, Switzerland.
Ann CullinaneThe Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0667-2484
Saad GharaibehJordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Richard NjouomCentre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3112-6370
Malik PeirisSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ghazi KayaliHuman Link DMCC, Dubai, UAE.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-1622
Jean-Michel HeraudWorld Health Organization HQ/WPE/EPP/GIP, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1107-0859

Funding

World Health Organization 001World Health Organization 203434270
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a public health research agenda for influenza to guide researchers and outline directions and priority areas for research on influenza aiming at reducing the burden of seasonal epidemic influenza and the risk and impact of pandemic influenza. The agenda was updated in 2017, but since then, important research has been conducted, and major changes have occurred to the global health landscape impacted mainly by the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, there is a need to assess advances in zoonotic influenza surveillance methods reported between 2017 and 2024 in order to highlight key achievements and identify remaining gaps that limit their broader implementation, hence informing an update of the research agenda. We conducted a comprehensive literature review of zoonotic influenza surveillance and monitoring, focusing on novel and enhanced methodologies reported globally between 2017 and 2024. A systematic analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines on 7490 peer-reviewed manuscripts from 2017 to 2024 retrieved from PubMed, of which 164 records were included in this review. Analysis of the information collected indicated several advances and gaps at different levels of surveillance and unmet public health needs. Most countries do not have active and comprehensive surveillance programs for zoonotic influenza at the human-animal interface, which underestimates the true burden of zoonotic influenza diseases. The review concludes with a set of high-priority research recommendations focused on filling gaps in One Health data integration, validation, and field deployment of novel diagnostic technologies, wider adoption of noninvasive and environmental surveillance approaches, and stronger linkage of methodological innovations to risk assessment and policy action. In light of the recent upsurge in H5N1 activity and cross-species transmission, the WHO has convened multiple R&D Blueprint consultations over the past year to prioritize research and development for H5N1 candidate vaccines, diagnostics, and pandemic preparedness. These ongoing initiatives underscore the critical importance of strengthening surveillance at the human-animal interface.

Indexed as

Epidemiological MonitoringInfluenza, HumanOrthomyxoviridaeOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsViral ZoonosesAnimalsGlobal HealthHumansPandemicsdomestic animalssurveillancesurveillance systemwildlifezoonotic influenza virus

Identifiers

PMID41214450
PMCPMC12602164

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.