ArticleSpinal cord2025
Lifestyle behaviors and loneliness in community-dwelling veterans living with spinal cord injuries and disorders.
Article in Spinal cord, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
designCross-sectional cohort study.
objectiveTo examine lifestyle behaviors independently associated with loneliness among Veterans living with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI/D).
settingThe Veteran Health Administration SCI/D System of Care, including 25 regional SCI/D Centers and associated Hubs.
methodsA national random sample of community-dwelling Veterans with SCI/D who used VHA healthcare services between 2017-2022 participated in a survey. We assessed unadjusted associations with moderate/high loneliness vs no/low loneliness. Multivariable logistic regression model assessed factors independently associated with moderate/high loneliness.
resultsAmong 2466 Veterans with SCI/D, 592 completed surveys (24%). Most participants were male (91%), white (81%), and on average 63 years old. The average injury duration was 18 years; 68% had paraplegia, and 80% had traumatic injuries. Lifestyle behavior factors, including poor sleep hygiene (OR 1.67; p = 0.02), fair/poor eating habits (OR 1.64; p = 0.50), and fewer days of leisure-time activities (OR 0.97; p = 0.01), and demographic and injury variables including having paraplegia (OR 1.99; p = 0.002), being unmarried (OR 2.02; p = 0.001), a greater number of SCI/D secondary conditions (OR 1.27; p = 0.002), and a greater number of poor physical health days (OR 1.02; p = 0.03) were each independently significantly associated with greater odds of moderate/high loneliness.
conclusionThe comprehensive approach of integrating and promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors such as a healthy diet, improved sleep hygiene, and promotion of leisure activities could have a positive effect on loneliness, especially in individuals with paraplegia, who are unmarried, have a greater number of SCI/D secondary conditions, and experience more days of poor physical health.
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