Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41213939›Full record

Trial reportSignal transduction and targeted therapy2025

Ablation plus immunotherapy versus immunotherapy alone in patients of advanced NSCLC who develop oligo-residual disease after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy (BOOSTER): a randomized phase 2 trial.

Shuo Yang, Xinyu Liu, Jia Yu, Xiaoxia Chen, Xiaozhen Liu, Sha Zhao, Tao Jiang, Hui Sun, Menghang Yang, Fengying Wu and 6 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase II
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  6. Article
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  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Shuo Yang *Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xinyu Liu *Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Jia Yu *Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaoxia Chen *Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaozhen Liu *Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Sha ZhaoDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Tao JiangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9205-8183
Hui SunDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Menghang YangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Fengying WuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Aiwu LiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Lei WangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Guanghui GaoDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Yaping XuDepartment of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. xuyaping1207@126.com.ORCID 0009-0002-9109-1958
Bin ChenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. binchen629@126.com.
Shengxiang RenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. harry_ren@tongji.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82172869National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82373319Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission) 24Y12800300
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Local consolidative therapy (LCT) has been demonstrated to enhance the survival benefits of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oligometastatic or oligoprogressive disease. This randomized, phase 2 trial investigated the efficacy and safety of ablation combining continuous immunotherapy in NSCLC patients with oligo-residual disease (ORD) after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy (ChiCTR, identifier: ChiCTR2000032479). From March 2021 to March 2024, 65 patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to ablation combination group (n = 43) and immunotherapy maintenance group (n = 22), and the full analysis set finally included 42 patients in ablation plus immunotherapy group and 20 patients in immunotherapy maintenance group. With a median follow-up duration of 17.8 months, patients receiving ablation combination were associated with significantly longer PFS (median 26.7 vs. 11.7 months, p < 0.001, HR = 0.213, 95%CI 0.099-0.461) and a trend of longer OS (p = 0.036, HR = 0.242, 95%CI 0.057-1.019) than those without ablation. Subgroup analysis showed that cryoablation (n = 13) yielded potentially superior survival than thermal ablation (n = 31) (mPFS: NA vs. 22.4 months, p = 0.011), which might induced by the elevated level of IFN-α after cryotherapy compared to thermal ablation (p = 0.078). Additionally, ablation combination group showed a decreased rate of systemic progression pattern compared with immunotherapy maintenance group. Regarding safety, the combination of ablation and immunotherapy was well tolerated, with only 1 patient experiencing grade 3 pneumothorax after ablation. In conclusion, the addition of ablation is well-tolerated and prolongs the survival of immunotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC who develop ORD after anti-PD-1/L1 therapy, while cryoablation showing potentially superior survival benefit compared to thermal ablation.

Indexed as

B7-H1 AntigenCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyLung NeoplasmsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorB7-H1 AntigenCD274 protein, humanImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptor

Identifiers

PMID41213939
PMCPMC12603194

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.