ArticleBMJ open2025
Risk of stroke or myocardial infarction hospitalisation following hospitalisation for community-acquired pneumonia in Portugal: a self-controlled case series study.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vaccination as a Strategy for Cardiovascular Prevention: Closing a Gap in Clinical Practice.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Occurring After ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 Vaccination Without Evidence of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report and Focused Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Trends in mortality due to acute myocardial infarction and pneumonia among older adults in the U.S.: a CDC wonder analysis (1999-2023).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe aimed to assess the risk of cardiovascular hospitalisations (stroke or myocardial infarction (MI)) following a community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) hospitalisation in a large Portuguese administrative dataset.
designSelf-controlled case series study.
settingWe used hospitalisation data from National Health Service hospitals across Portugal between 2010 and 2018.
participantsAdults hospitalised for both CAP and stroke/MI in Portugal during the 2010-2018 period (n=13 494, of which 10 400 with stroke and 3094 with MI). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We considered CAP hospitalisation as the exposure (14-, 28- and 91-day exposure periods) and acute cardiovascular (stroke or MI) hospitalisations as the outcome. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed using a conditional Poisson regression (overall and by sex and age subgroups).
resultsPatients were mostly male and above 75 years. Stroke/MI hospitalisation incidence was higher following CAP, compared with the baseline period. Largest differences were observed in the 14-day period after discharge (IRR for stroke: 2.55, 95% CI: 2.33-2.80; IRR for MI: 3.23, 2.78-3.75), compared with the 28-day (IRR for stroke: 2.06, 1.92-2.22; IRR for MI: 2.62, 2.32-2.95) and 91-day periods (IRR for stroke: 1.37, 1.30-1.44; IRR for MI: 1.75, 1.60-1.91). A similar trend was observed for sex and age subgroups.
conclusionsOur study shows an increased risk of stroke/MI for CAP patients, particularly during the first 2 weeks after being discharged. Effective postdischarge monitoring and follow-up, combined with efforts to prevent CAP occurrence, could improve patient outcomes.
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