ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025
Facial expression analysis to uncover the relationship between sialorrhea and hypomimia in Parkinson's disease.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The future digital outpatient clinic for movement disorders: from technological innovation to ethical and systemic implementation-a position paper.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sialorrhea, or excessive drooling, is a prevalent yet frequently under-recognized non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Hypomimia, or reduced facial expressivity, constitutes another significant feature of PD. Although previous studies have suggested a potential clinical association between these two disease features, this relationship has seldom been quantified using artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies. In this study, we sought to characterize the association between hypomimia and sialorrhea in PD using both traditional clinical scales and AI-based video analysis. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 52 individuals diagnosed with PD. Sialorrhea severity was assessed using the Radboud Oral Motor Inventory for Parkinson's Disease-Saliva subscale (ROMP-saliva), while hypomimia was evaluated via the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Facial video recordings were acquired and analyzed using AI algorithms to extract key facial landmarks. These landmarks were processed into 20 quantitative features representing the mouth, eyes, and combined facial regions. To assess the relationship between facial expressivity and sialorrhea severity, we employed Principal Component Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis, and bootstrapping. Clinical rating scales demonstrated a modest correlation between hypomimia and drooling severity (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.